World general knowledge facts

Spencer, M., Fuchs, L. S., Geary, D. C., & Fuchs, D. (2022). Connections between mathematics and reading development: Numerical cognition mediates relations between foundational competencies and later academic outcomes.  Journal of Educational Psychology, 114 (2), 273–288.  https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000670 We examined longitudinal relations between 1st-grade cognitive predictors (early nonverbal reasoning, processing speed, listening comprehension, working memory, calculation skill, word-problem solving, word-reading fluency, attentive behavior, and numerical cognition) and 2nd-grade academic outcomes (calculations, word-problem solving, and word reading) in 370 children (Mage = 6.55 years, SDage = 0.33 years at the start of the study) who were identified as at-risk or not-at-risk for mathematics disability. Path analysis mediation models revealed that numerical cognition, assessed at an intermediary timepoint, mediated the effects of processing speed, working memory, c...

 Working memory development: A 50-year assessment of research and underlying theories - ScienceDirect  https://ift.tt/3nK4JaY Working memory development: A 50-year assessment of research and underlying theories Author links open overlay panel NelsonCowan Show more Share Cite https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105075 Get rights and content Abstract The author has thought about working memory, not always by that name, since 1969 and has conducted research on its infant and child development since the same year that the seminal work of Baddeley and Hitch (1974) was published. The present article assesses how the field of working memory development has been influenced since those years by major theoretical perspectives: empiricism (along with behaviorism),  nativism  (along with modularity), cognitivism (along with constructivism), and  dynamic systems theory . The field has not fully discussed the point that these theoretical perspectives have helped to s...

 Cognitive Ability and Job Performance: Meta-analytic Evidence for the Validity of Narrow Cognitive Abilities | SpringerLink  https://ift.tt/MKvbV1o Cognitive Ability and Job Performance: Meta-analytic Evidence for the Validity of Narrow Cognitive Abilities Christopher D. Nye ,  Jingjing Ma  &  Serena Wee   Journal of Business and Psychology  (2022) Cite this article 193  Accesses 1  Altmetric Metrics  details Abstract Cognitive ability is one of the best predictors of performance on the job and past research has seemingly converged on the idea that narrow cognitive abilities do not add incremental validity over general mental ability (GMA) for predicting job performance. In the present study, we propose that the reason for the lack of incremental validity in previous research is that the narrow cognitive abilities that have been assessed most frequently are also the abilities that are most highly correlated with GMA. ...

https://ift.tt/gQNzY28 Fansher, M., Adkins, T. J., & Shah, P. (2022). Graphs do not lead people to infer causation from correlation.  Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied.  Advance online publication.  https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000393 Abstract Media articles often communicate the latest scientific findings, and readers must evaluate the evidence and consider its potential implications. Prior work has found that the inclusion of graphs makes messages about scientific data more persuasive (Tal & Wansink, 2016). One explanation for this finding is that such visualizations evoke the notion of "science"; however, results are mixed. In the current investigation we extend this work by examining whether graphs lead people to erroneously infer causation from correlational data. In two experiments we gave participants realistic online news articles in which they were asked to evaluate the research and apply the work's findings to a real-life hypothetical scena...